A well-known proverb refers to the eye as the "window" to the soul, demonstrating how expressive your eyes can be. Although your body has all of the perception senses such as the ears, nose, mouth, and skin, what your eyes allow you to feel through vision is on a different level. Your eye serves as a vehicle for expression, impression, and perception.

Your Eye, your vision

The eye is the most important and intricate sensory organ that humans have. It aids in the perception of objects, as well as light, color, and depth.

The following are the main components of your vision:

1. Cornea: The eye's outermost layer.

2. Pupil: The pupil is a small black dot in the center of your eye that acts as a light entry point.

3. Iris: The iris is the color of your eyes.

4. The lens is located behind the pupil and iris.

5. Retina: the light-sensitive portion of your eye that allows you to see.

The main factors have to vision loss worldwide are:

1. Age-related macular degeneration

2. Diabetic retinopathy

3. Cataract

4. Glaucoma

5. Refracture errors that are not fixed.

Age-related macular degeneration: As we age, our eyes' ability to maintain lubrication begins to deteriorate. As a result, your eyes may become itchy, sticky, dry, or gritty, the lens of your eyes may become less elastic, and your night vision may deteriorate, which can be dangerous when driving at night.

Diabetic Retinopathy: A disorder known as diabetic retinopathy is brought on by harmed blood vessels in your retina's light-sensitive region. This ailment frequently begins mildly or without any symptoms at all, but if untreated, it is known to cause blindness.

Cataract: Cataracts are caused by protein clumps in your eye, which result in the formation of cloudy and dense areas in the lens of your eye. Cataracts prevent the lens in your eye from transmitting clear messages to the retina.

Aside from old age, cataracts can also be caused by;

·        Smoking

·        long term use of steroids and medications 

·        UV radiation

·        radiation therapy, and

·        genetics which can lead to rare cases of cataracts in newborns and year-olds.

Glaucoma: Damage to your eye's optic nerve leads to the disease glaucoma. It is brought on by pressure brought on by fluid accumulation in the front of your eye.

The fluid builds up and increasing pressure inside your eye damages your optic nerves when the drainage angle in your eye does not function as it should. When all of your optic nerve fibers have died, you become completely blind. Blind spots are caused by your optic nerves slowly dying.

Un-fixed refractive errors: Refractive errors are vision issues that make it difficult to see. Refractive errors occur when the shape of your eyes prevents light from properly focusing on your retina. The different types of refractive errors include;

·        Myopia (near or short-sightedness)

·        Hyperopia (far or long-sightedness)

·        Astigmatism

·        Presbyopia.

How to tell if an eye issue is only a bother or the beginning of something more serious?

The following general warning signs and symptom. If you suffer any of the following, call your doctor right away:

1. Iris color modification 

2. Crossed eyes

3. Dark spot in the middle of your field of vision.

4. Trouble focusing on up-close or far-away objects

5. Double glare

6. Dry eyes that are burning or itchy

7. Periodic vision haze

8. Excessive tearing or discharge

 9. Eye pain

10. Glare or halos (colored rings around lights)

11. Cloudy or blurry vision

12. A reduction in peripheral vision

13. Objects in your line of sight

14. Sudden vision loss

15. Adverse reactions to darkness

Looking After Your Eyes

You can take the following steps to maintain eye health and ensure that your vision is at its best:

1. Eat a well-balanced, healthy diet. Fruits and vegetables, particularly leafy green and dark yellow vegetables, should be abundant in your diet. Consuming omega-3 fatty acid-rich seafood, such as salmon, tuna, and halibut can also benefit your eyes.

2. Maintain a healthy weight. Obesity and overweight increase your risk of developing diabetes.

3. Diabetes raises your chances of getting glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy. Blood sugar control is critical, especially if you are at risk of or have been diagnosed with diabetes.

4. Regularly exercise. With exercise, you may be able to manage or prevent conditions including diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol. These illnesses may cause some eye or vision problems.

5. Don anti-UV and anti-glare eyewear. Spending too much time in the sun raises your risk of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. To protect your eyes, wear sunglasses that totally or almost entirely block UVA and UVB rays.

6. Don protective eyewear. If you wish to prevent eye damage, eye protection is necessary for some sports, workplaces, and construction activities, as well as for home renovation or repair projects.

7. Quit smoking. Smoking increases the likelihood of developing age-related eye diseases such as macular degeneration and cataracts and can injure the optic nerve.

8. Recognize your family's medical history. It is critical to determine whether anyone in your family has had an eye problem because some eye conditions are inherited.

9. If you wear contacts, protect your eyes from infections. Wash your hands thoroughly before inserting or removing your contact lenses.

10. Give your eyes a rest. When using a computer for extended periods, it is possible to forget to blink, resulting in eye fatigue. To avoid eye strain, follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look 20 feet in front of you for 20 seconds.

  The Good News…

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